Abstract.
The development of miniaturized arrays, displaying thousands of genes on a surface
smaller than a thumb-nail, can be regarded as a technological breakthrough of similar
importance as the introduction of the PCR reaction. For the development of novel cancer
treatment regimens, microarrays will in the future be indispensable in the elucidation
of tumor development and progression, in the detection and monitoring of tumor heterogeneity,
and the identification of putative risk factors. Microarrays will furthermore help
in the identification of novel, more specific molecular targets crucial in the development
of primary tumors as well as in the process of metastasis. In addition, multiparallel
analysis of thousands of genes in tissues treated with putative anticancer drugs,
will lead to a better, genome-wide understanding of the drugs efficacy, specificity
and potentially harmful side-effects. The hope is to come up in the future with more
potent and more specific anticancer agents at increased speed and chemical diversity.
High-Density Microarrays - Technologie in der Krebsforschung und Krebsentwicklung.
Die Entwicklung miniaturisierter angeordneter Muster von beispielsweise Nukleinsäuren
(„microarrays”), mit denen sich tausende von Genen auf einer Fläche kleiner als ein
Daumennagel repräsentieren lassen, kann als ein technischer Durchbruch angesehen werden,
der sich mit der Einführung der PCR vergleichen lässt. Für die Entwicklung neuer Tumortherapien
werden Microarrays in Zukunft unverzichtbar sein für die Analyse von Tumorentstehung
und -progression, für die Bestimmung der Heterogenität im Tumor und bei der Identifizierung
möglicher Risikofaktoren. Weiterhin werden Microarrays hilfreich sein bei der Definition
neuer, spezifischerer Zielmoleküle, die sowohl bei der Enstehung von Primärtumoren
als auch Metastasen eine Rolle spielen. Darüber hinaus wird die multiparallele Analyse
tausender von Genen in Tumorgewebe unter Behandlung mit möglichen antineoplastischen
Substanzen zu einem besseren, genomweiten Verständnis der Effizienz, Spezifität und
möglicher unerwünschter Nebenwirkungen dieser Substanzen führen. Es besteht Hoffnung
zu der Annahme, dass in Zukunft wirksamere und spezifischere Krebsmedikamente in kürzerer
Zeit und mit höherer chemischer Vielfalt entwickelt werden können.
Key words:
Microarrays - gene expression - cancer
Schlüsselwörter:
Microarrays - Gen-ChipsGen-Expression - Krebs
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Jutta Heim
Novartis Pharma AG
WKL-125.13.16
CH-4002 Basel
Switzerland